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The Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo sul Gargano, sometimes called simply Monte Gargano, is a Catholic sanctuary on Mount Gargano, Italy, part of the commune of Monte Sant'Angelo, in the province of Foggia, northern Apulia. It is the oldest shrine in Western Europe dedicated to the archangel Michael and has been an important pilgrimage site since the early Middle Ages. The historic site and its environs are protected by the Parco Nazionale del Gargano. In 2011, it became a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of a group of seven inscribed as Longobards in Italy. Places of the power (568-774 A.D.). ==Legendary History== The earliest account of the foundation myth of the Sanctuary is a composite Latin hagiographical text known as '' Liber de apparitione Sancti Michaelis in Monte Gargano'' (Bibliotheca Hagiographica Latina 5948).〔Ed. by G. Waitz in the Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores rerum Langobardicarum et Italicarum (Havover 1898), pp. 541-43; reprinted, with an English translation, in Richard F. Johnson, ''Saint Michael the Archangel in Medieval English Legend'' (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2005), pp. 110-15.〕 There are three sections to the legend, recording three apparitions by Michael: the first and third sections appear to be part of the same narrative, while the second is possibly the account of a battle half a century later. According to the first and last parts of the legend, around the year 490 the Archangel Michael appeared several times to the Bishop of Sipontum near a cave in the mountains, instructing that the cave be dedicated to Christian worship and promising protection of the nearby town of Sipontum from pagan invaders. These apparitions are also the first appearances of Saint Michael in western Europe. The second section of the text describes Michael's intercession on behalf of the Sipontans and the Beneventans against invading pagan Neapolitans. On the eve of the battle, Michael appears with flaming sword atop the mountain; the Sipontans and Beneventans are victorious. Giorgio Otranto〔Otranto, Giorgio. "'Il Liber de Apparitione,' il santuario di san Michele sul Gargano e i Longobardi del Ducato di Benevento." In ''Santuari e politica nel mondo antico'', 210-245. Milan: 1983.〕 identifies this battle as the one recorded in Book 4 of Paul the Deacon's History of the Lombards,〔Paul the Deacon, Historia Langobardi. In ''Monumenta Germanica Historica: Scriptores Rerum Langobardicarum et Italicarum''. Edited by Ludwig Bethmann and Georg Waitz. Hanover, 1878.〕 which describes the defense of Mount Gargano against unidentified 'Greeks'– most likely Byzantine Greeks– by the Lombard Duke of Benevento, Grimoald I, on May 8, 663. In commemoration of this victory, the church of Sipontum instituted a special feast on May 8 honoring the Archangel, which then spread throughout the Catholic Church throughout the 9th century. Since the time of Pius V it has been formalized as ''Apparitio S. Michaelis'', although it originally did not commemorate the apparition, but the victory of the Catholic Church Lombards over the Orthodox Greeks. Pope Gelasius I (reigned 492-496) directed that a basilica be erected enclosing the space. The Basilica di San Giovanni in Tumba is the final resting-place of the Lombard king Rothari (died 652); the designation "tumba" is now applied to the cupola on squinches.〔"La Tomba di Rotari è un battistero del XII secolo con copertura a cupola (o Tumba)." ()〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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